Indian Civilian Awards ( भारत रत्न पुरस्कार विजेताओं की सूची)
Bharat Ratna is the highest civilian award in india (भारत रत्न देश के सबसे सर्वोच्च और प्रतिष्ठित
नागरिक पुरस्कारों है.), given for exceptional service towards advancement of Art,
Literature and Science, and in recognition of Public Service of the highest
order. It is also not mandatory that Bharat Ratna be awarded every year.
The original specifications for the award called for a circular
gold medal, 35 mm in diameter, with the sun and the Hindi legend "Bharat
Ratna" above and a floral wreath below. The reverse was to carry the state
emblem and motto. It was to be worn around the neck from a white ribbon. This
design was altered after a year.
इसे भी पढ़े
The provision of Bharat
Ratna was introduced in 2nd January 1954. The first ever Indian to receive this award was
the famous scientist, Chandrasekhara Venkata Raman.
1978 Awards Not AnnouncedThese following Years Bharat Ratna Award is not Announced by Government of India
1979 Awards Not Announced
1994 Awards Not Announced
1995 Awards Not Announced
1996 Awards Not Announced
1997 Awards Not Announced
Year
|
Name of the Awardees
|
Notes
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1954
|
Shri C. Rajagopalachari
|
An Indian independence activist, statesman, and lawyer,
Rajagopalachari was the only Indian and last Governor-General of
independent India. He was Chief Minister of Madras Presidency (1937–39)
and Madras State (1952–54); and founder of Indian political
party Swatantra Party. ( भारत रत्न से सम्मानित प्रथम भारतीय)
|
Shri Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan
|
Philosopher Radhakrishnan served as India's first Vice-President (1952–62)
and second President (1962–67). Since 1962, his birthday on 5
September is observed as "Teachers' Day" in India.
|
|
Shri C. V. Raman
|
Widely known for his work on the scattering of light
and the discovery of the effect, better known as "Raman scattering",
Raman mainly worked in the field of atomic physics and electromagnetism and
was Won Nobel Prize in Physics in 1930.
|
|
1955
|
Shri Bhagwan Das
|
Independence activist, philosopher, and educationist,
Das is a co-founder of Mahatma Gandhi Kashi Vidyapithand worked
with Madan Mohan Malaviya for the foundation of Banaras Hindu
University.
|
Shri M. Visvesvaraya
|
Civil engineer, statesman, and Diwan of Mysore (1912–18),
Visvesvaraya was a Knight Commander of the Order of the Indian Empire.
His birthday, 15 September, is observed as "Engineer's Day" in
India.
|
|
Shri Jawaharlal Nehru
|
Independence activist and author, Nehru is the first
and the longest-serving Prime Minister of India (1947–64).
|
|
1957
|
Shri Govind Ballabh Pant
|
Independence activist Pant was premier of United
Provinces (1937–39, 1946–50) and first Chief Minister of Uttar
Pradesh (1950–54). He served as Union Home Minister from
1955–61.
|
1958
|
Shri Dhondo Keshav Karve
|
Social reformer and educator, Karve is widely known for
his works related to woman education and remarriage of Hindu widows. He
established the Widow Marriage Association (1883), Hindu Widows Home (1896),
and started Shreemati Nathibai Damodar Thackersey Women's University in
1916.
|
1961
|
Shri Bidhan Chandra Roy
|
A physician, political leader, philanthropist,
educationist, and social worker, Roy is often considered as "Maker of
Modern West Bengal". He was second Chief Minister of West
Bengal (1948–62) and his birthday on 1 July is observed as National
Doctors' Day in India.
|
Shri Purushottam Das Tandon
|
Often titled as "Rajarshi", Tandon was an
independence activist and served as speaker of the Uttar Pradesh Legislative
Assembly (1937–50). He was actively involved in a campaign to get official
language status to Hindi.
|
|
1962
|
Shri Rajendra Prasad
|
Independence activist, lawyer, statesman, and
scholar, Prasad was closely associated with Mahatma Gandhi in
the non-cooperation movement for Indian independence. He was
later elected as the first President of India (1950–62).
|
1963
|
Shri Zakir Husain
|
Independence activist and education philosopher, Husain
served as a Vice Chancellor of Aligarh Muslim University (1948–56)
and the Governor of Bihar (1957–62). Later, he was elected as
second Vice-President of India (1962–67) and went on to become the third
President of India (1967–69).
|
Shri Pandurang Vaman Kane
|
Indologist and Sanskrit scholar, Kane is best
known for his five volume literary work, History of
Dharmaśāstra: Ancient and Medieval Religious and Civil Law in India;
the "monumental" work that extends over nearly 6,500 pages and
being published from 1930 to 1962.
|
|
1966
|
Shri Lal Bahadur Shastri
|
Known for his slogan "Jai Jawan Jai Kisan"
("Hail the Soldier, Hail the Farmer"), Independence activist
Shastri served as second Prime Minister of India (1964–66) and led the
country during the Indo-Pakistani War of 1965. (मरणोपरांत भारत रत्न से सम्मानित
प्रथम व्यक्ति)
|
1971
|
Smt. Indira Gandhi
|
Known as the "Iron Lady of
India", Gandhi was the Prime Minister of India during 1966–77 and
1980–84. During the Indo-Pakistani War of 1971, her government
supported Bangladesh Liberation
War which led to the formation of a new
country, Bangladesh.
Smt. Indira Gandhi was the first Woman (and also Indian woman) to get Bharat Ratna Award. भारत रत्न से सम्मानित प्रथम महिला. |
1975
|
Shri V. V. Giri
|
While studying at the University College Dublin, Giri
was involved in the Irish Sinn Féin movement. Returning to India, he
organized labour unions and brought them to take active participation in
Indian freedom struggle. He was elected as the first President of All
India Trade Union Congress in 1926. Post-independence, Giri held
positions of Governor of Uttar Pradesh, Kerala and Mysore and various other
cabinet ministries. He became the first acting President and was eventually
elected as the fourth President of India (1969–74).
|
1976
|
Shri K. Kamaraj
|
Independence activist and statesman Kamaraj was a Chief
Minister of Tamil Nadu for three terms; 1954–57, 1957–62, and 1962–63.
|
1980
|
Mother Teresa
|
"Saint Mother Teresa of Calcutta" was a
catholic nun and the founder of the Missionaries of Charity. She was
awarded the Nobel Peace Prize for her humanitarian work in 1979 and
was beatified on 19 October 2003 by Pope John Paul II and canonised on
4 September 2016 by Pope Francis.
|
1983
|
Shri Vinoba Bhave
|
Independence activist, social reformer, and a close
associate of Mahatma Gandhi, Bhave is best known for his Bhoodan
movement, "Land-Gift Movement". He was given the honorific
title "Acharya" ("teacher") and was awarded the Ramon
Magsaysay Award (1958) for his humanitarian work.
|
1987
|
Shri Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan
|
Widely known as "Frontier Gandhi",
independence activist and Pashtun leader Khan was a follower of Mahatma
Gandhi. He joined Khilafat Movement in 1920 and founded Khudai
Khidmatgar ("Red Shirt movement") in 1929. ( खान अब्दुल गफ्फार खां भारत सरकार द्वारा भारत रत्न से सम्मानित प्रथम गैर भारतीय थे. खान अब्दुल गफ्फार खां एक पाकिस्तानी नागरिक थे.)
|
1988
|
Shri M. G. Ramachandran
|
Actor turned politician Ramachandran served as Chief
Minister of Tamil Nadu for three terms; 1977–80, 1980–84, 1985–87.
|
1990
|
Shri B. R. Ambedkar
|
Social reformer and leader of the Dalits ("Untouchables"), Ambedkar
was the Chief architect of the Indian Constitution and also served
as the first Law Minister of India. Ambedkar predominantly
campaigned against the social discrimination with Dalits, the Hindu
varna system. He was associated with the Dalit Buddhist movement and
accepted Buddhism as a religion along with his close to half a
million followers on 14 October 1956.
|
Shri Nelson Mandela
|
Leader of the Anti-Apartheid Movement in
South Africa, Mandela was the President of South Africa (1994–99). Often
called as the "Gandhi of South Africa", Mandela's African
National Congress movement was influenced by Gandhian philosophy. In
1993, he was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize.
|
|
1991
|
Shri Rajiv Gandhi
|
Gandhi was the ninth Prime Minister of India serving
from 1984 to 1989.
|
Shri Vallabhbhai Patel
|
Widely known as the "Iron Man of
India", Patel was an independence activist and first Deputy
Prime Minister of India (1947–50). Post independence, "Sardar"
("Leader") Patel worked with V. P. Menon towards
dissolving 555 princely states into the Indian union.
|
|
Shri Morarji Desai
|
Independence activist Desai was the sixth Prime
Minister of India (1977–79). He is the only Indian national to be
awarded the Nishan-e-Pakistan, highest civilian award given by the Government
of Pakistan.
|
|
1992
|
Shri Abul Kalam Azad
|
Independence activist Azad was India's first Minister
of Education and worked towards free primary education. He was widely known
as "Maulana Azad" and his birthday on 11 November is observed
as National Education Day in India.
|
Shri J. R. D. Tata
|
Industrialist, philanthropist, and aviation pioneer,
Tata founded India's first airline Air India. He is the founder of
various institutes including Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Tata
Memorial Hospital, Tata Institute of Social Sciences, Tata Motors, TCS, National
Institute of Advanced Studies, and National Centre for the Performing
Arts.
|
|
Shri Satyajit Ray
|
Having debuted as a director with Pather Panchali (1955), film-maker
Ray is credited with bringing world recognition to Indian cinema. In
1984, Ray was awarded the Dadasaheb Phalke Award, India's highest award
in cinema.
|
|
1997
|
Shri Gulzarilal Nanda
|
Independence activist Nanda was two times interim Prime
Minister of India (1964, 1966) and two times deputy chairman of the Planning
Commission.
|
Smt. Aruna Asaf Ali
|
Independence activist Ali is better known for hoisting
the Indian flag in Bombay during the Quit India Movement in 1942. Post
Independence, Ali was elected as Delhi's first mayor in 1958.
|
|
Shri A. P. J. Abdul Kalam
|
Aerospace and defence scientist, Kalam was involved in
the development of India's first satellite launch vehicle SLV III and
was the architect of Integrated Guided Missile Development Program. He
worked for Indian National Committee for Space Research, Indian
Space Research Organisation, Defence Research and Development Laboratory and
was appointed as the Scientific Advisor to the Defence Minister, Secretary to
Department of Defence Research and Development and Director General of Defence
Research and Development Organisation. Later, he served as the eleventh
President of India from 2002 till 2007.
|
|
1998
|
Smt.M. S. Subbulakshmi
|
Carnatic classical vocalist Subbulakshmi, often
hailed as "Queen of songs", is the first Indian musician to receive
the Ramon Magsaysay award. (भारत रत्न से सम्मानित प्रथम संगीतकार)
|
Shri Chidambaram Subramaniam
|
Independence activist and former Minister of Agriculture of
India (1964–66), Subramaniam is known for his contribution towards Green
Revolution in India. During the late 1970s, he worked for International
Rice Research Institute, Manila, and the International Maize and Wheat
Research Institute, Mexico.
|
|
1999
|
Shri Jayaprakash Narayan
|
Independence activist, social reformer, and commonly
referred as "Lok Nayak" ("People's Hero"), Narayan is
better known for "Total Revolution Movement" or "JP
Movement" initiated during the mid-1970s to "overthrow the corrupt
and exploitative Congress government".
|
Shri Amartya Sen
|
Awarded Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic
Sciences (1998), Sen has done research over several topics
including social choice theory, ethics and political philosophy, welfare
economics, decision theory, development economics, public health,
and gender studies.
|
|
Shri Gopinath Bordoloi
|
Independence activist Bordoloi is the first Chief
Minister of Assam (1946–50). His efforts and association with the
then Minister of Home Affairs Vallabhbhai Patel were widely acknowledged
while keeping Assam united with India when parts of it were to merge
with East Pakistan.
|
|
Shri Ravi Shankar
|
Winner of four Grammy Awards and often
considered "the world's best-known exponent of Hindustani classical
music", sitar player Shankar is known for his collaborative
work with Western musicians including Yehudi Menuhin and George
Harrison.
|
|
2001
|
Smt.Lata Mangeshkar
|
Widely credited as the "nightingale of
India", playback singer Mangeshkar started her career in the 1940s
and has sung songs in over 36 languages. Mangeshkar was awarded
the Dadasaheb Phalke Award in 1989, India's highest award in cinema.
|
Shri Bismillah Khan
|
Hindustani classical shehnai player, Khan
played the instrument for more than eight decades and is credited to have
brought the instrument to the centre stage of Indian music.
|
|
2008
|
Shri Bhimsen Joshi
|
Hindustani classical vocalist, Joshi was a disciple
of Kirana gharana, an Indian musical school. He is widely known for
the Khyal genre of singing with a "mastery over rhythm and
accurate notes".
|
2014
|
Shri C. N. R. Rao
|
The recipient of Honorary Doctorates from 63
Universities including Purdue, IIT Bombay, Oxford, chemist and
professor Rao has worked prominently in the fields of Solid State and Materials
Chemistry, Spectroscopy and Molecular Structure. He has authored
around 1600 research papers and 48 books.
|
Shri Sachin Tendulkar
|
Debuted in 1989, Tendulkar played 664 international
cricket matches in a career spanning over two decades. He holds various
cricket records including the only player to have scored one hundred
international centuries, the first batsman to score a double century in
a One Day International and the only player to complete more than
30,000 runs in both ODI and Test cricket.
|
|
2015
|
Shri Madan Mohan Malaviya
|
Scholar and educational reformer Shri Madan Mohan Malaviya is a founder
of Akhil Bharatiya Hindu Mahasabha (1906) and Banaras Hindu
University and served as the university's vice-chancellor from 1919 till
1938. He was the President of Indian National Congress for four
terms and was the Chairman of Hindustan Times from 1924 to 1946.
|
Shri Atal Bihari Vajpayee
|
Parliamentarian for over four decades, Vajpayee was
elected nine times to the Lok Sabha, twice to the Rajya Sabha and
served as the Prime Minister of India for three terms; 1996, 1998, 1999–2004. He
was Minister of External Affairs during 1977–79 and was awarded the
"Best Parliamentarian" in 1994.
|
Some Important facts About Bharat Ratna Award Winners.
*First Bharat Ratna was
awarded to Sarvapalli Radhakrishnan, Sir C.V. Raman, and Chakravarti
Rajagopalachari in 1954.
*Mother Teresa was the
first naturalized Indian citizen of Bharat Ratna Award Winner in 1980.
*Khan Abdul Gaffar Khan
(1987) And Nelson Mandela (1990) are two non Indians of Bharat Ratna Award
Winners.
*Sachin Tendulkar is the
first sportsperson and the youngest Bharat Ratna Award Winner
Next Article : Padma Vibhushan Awards Winners List: from 1954 to 2018
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